AU, Jabuuti, iyo Turkiga oo ka soo horjeeda Aqoonsiga Somaliland
2005–wakhtiga hadda · ma aha xasuuqa, laakiin waa muranka aqoonsiga ee uu ku biiray
Sannadkii 2005, baadhayaasha Midowga Afrika laftiisu waxay ku soo gabagabeeyeen in kiiska Somaliland ee madax-bannaanida uu si gaar ah u xoog badan yahay. Labaatan sano ka dib, guddoomiyaha AU laftiisu wuxuu si toos ah u diidayaa natiijadaas — mana aha dhinac dhex-dhexaad ah. Boggani wuxuu raadraacayaa sida ay danaha dhaqaale, ma ahan mabda', u muuqato inay hoggaaminayaan horyaaca ugu weyn ee ka soo horjeeda aqoonsiga Somaliland maanta.
2005: natiijadii AU laftiisu
Hawlgal baadhitaan oo AU ah, oo uu hoggaaminayay Ku-xigeenka Guddoomiyaha Patrick Mazimhaka, ayaa booqday Somaliland 30 Abriil ilaa 4 May 2005 wuxuuna ku soo gabagabeeyay in isutaggii 1960 ee Somaliland iyo Soomaaliya "waligiis la ansixin" oo uu "fashilmay," taasoo keentay "caddaalad-darro iyo dhibaato weyn." Hawlgalku wuxuu ku soo gabagabeeyay in kiiska Somaliland ee aqoonsiga uu yahay "mid gaar ah oo taariikh siyaasadeed Afrika ah lagu caddeeyay," isagoo si cad u sheegay in aan loo eegin sida "furitaanka sanduuqa Pandora" ee dhaqdhaqaaqyada kale ee goosashada Afrika, wuxuuna ku talin AU inuu "helo hab gaar ah oo lagu maareeyo kiiskan." AU waligiis kama uu qaadan tallaabo rasmi ah.
2024: MOU-gii beddelay khataraha
1 Jan 2024, Itoobiya iyo Somaliland waxay saxeexeen heshiis fahamka: Somaliland waxay ogolaatay inay 50 sano u kirayso 20 kiiloomitir oo xeebteeda ah, saldhig badeed iyo deked ganacsi Itoobiya loo dhisayo, Somalilandna waxay sheegtay in Itoobiya ay aqoonsan doonto madax-bannaanideeda. Heshiisku wuxuu welwelay Jabuuti, tan oo dekedaheedu maanta wataan ku dhawaad 95% ganacsiga Itoobiya. Wasiirkii Arrimaha Dibedda ee Jabuuti xilligaas, Mahmoud Ali Youssouf, ayaa si dadweyne ah u bixiyay maamulka buuxa ee dekedda kale ee Tadjoura. Turkiga, oo si weyn ugu maalgeliyay Soomaaliya tan iyo 2011 kuna leh saldhigga militariga ugu weyn ee dibedda ee Muqdisho, ayaa dhexdhexaadiyay xal: "Baaqa Ankara" ee 11 Dis 2024 wuxuu ku wajahay Itoobiya inay ka doonto gaadhista badda heshiisyo ku salaysan sarraynta Soomaaliya, si toos ahna wuxuu dhigay su'aasha aqoonsiga.
2025: isla ninka, kursi kale
15 Feb 2025, Youssouf — Wasiirkii Arrimaha Dibedda ee Jabuuti ee labaatankii sano ee la soo dhaafay — waxaa loo doortay Guddoomiyaha Guddiga Midowga Afrika. Isagoo Guddoomiye ah, wuxuu soo saaray dhowr bayaan rasmi ah oo "si adag u diidaya dhaqdhaqaaq kasta oo la beegsanayo aqoonsiga Somaliland," isagoo digniin ka bixiyay in ay noqon doonto "waddo khatar ah." Midna kuma jiro tixraac natiijooyinkii AU ee 2005. Dhaliilayaal ayaa si toos ah ugu tilmaamay: maqaallo ra'yi ah oo ka soo baxay Daily Nation (Kenya) iyo Addis Standard (Itoobiya) labaduba waxay ku doodayaan in mowqifkiisu la mid yahay AU oo "iska indhatiraysa taariikhdeeda machadeed."
Diseembar 2025: Aqoonsiga Israa'iil, iyo falcelin isku-dubarid ah
26 Dis 2025, Israa'iil waxay noqotay dalka ugu horreeya ee xubin ka ah QM oo si rasmi ah u aqoonsada Somaliland, taasoo keentay falcelin degdeg ah oo isku-dubarid ah. Wasaaradda Arrimaha Dibedda ee Turkiga waxay ku tilmaantay "faragelin toos ah oo lagu galayo arrimaha gudaha ee Soomaaliya." Wasaaradda Arrimaha Dibedda ee Masar waxay isku dubarisay diidmo wadajir ah oo ay ku jiraan Soomaaliya, Turkiga, iyo Jabuuti. Madaxweyne Erdogan si shakhsi ah ayuu ugu yiri tallaabadu waa "mid aan la aqbali karin," isagoo si toos ah ula xidhiidhiyay dagaalka Gaza, wuxuuna sidoo kale ku dhawaaqay qorshayaal cusub oo qodista saliidda badda iyo goob hawada sare ee Soomaaliya. Bayaan wadareed ayaa raacay oo ay saxeexeen 20 dal oo Bariga Dhexe iyo Afrika ah, iyo Jaamacadda Carabta, Bulshada Bariga Afrika, OIC, iyo EU. Kadib, Soomaaliya waxay jarday xiriirkeeda UAE, waxayna la saxeexday heshiis difaac oo Qatar ah, Turkiguna wuxuu diyaaradaha dagaalka u diray saldhigiisa Muqdisho.
Janaayo 2026: aqoonsigu wuxuu noqday booqasho jireed, guddi u-diirin xasuuqana ayaa digniin ka bixiyay
Aqoonsiga diblomaasiyadeed wuxuu noqday wax ka sii jireed 6 Jan 2026, markii Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibedda ee Israa'iil uu shakhsi ahaan u safray Hargeysa — booqasho ay dawladda Soomaaliya ku tilmaantay "xad-gudub cad." Boqollaal ayaa maalintii xigtay ka mudaaharaday Muqdisho. Isla toddobaadkaas, dhacdo dagaal sokeeye oo Yemen ah ayaa si aan toos ahayn u taabatay Somaliland: hoggaamiyihii SSC ee Yemen, Aidarous al-Zubaidi, ayaa 7 Jan ku soo maray dekedda Berbera isagoo u sii socda UAE, kadib markii ciidamo Sacuudi hoggaaminayeen ay ka adkaadeen dhulka Yemen — dhacdo aan xiriir toos ah la lahayn siyaasadda Somaliland marka laga reebo dhaafitaanka dekedda.
6–8 Feb 2026, Lemkin Institute for Genocide Prevention — urur u-diirin xasuuq ah oo loogu magac daray Raphael Lemkin, ninkii soo saaray erayga "xasuuq" — wuxuu soo saaray Digniin Casaan ah oo ka digaysa in horumarradan ay kordhin karaan khatarta rabshado xasuuq ah oo cusub oo lagu qaado dadka Isaaq, isagoo tixraacaya "qaababka diidmada, kicinta, iyo militarigelinta" oo la mid ah kuwii ka horreeyay ololaha 1987–89. Digniintu waxay si gaar ah u tixraacday hadal dhawaan ka dhacay QM oo uu jeediyay safiirka Soomaaliya, Abukar Dahir Osman, oo weli diidaya in ololaha 1987–89 uu ahaa xasuuq. Tanina ma aha bayaankii ugu horreeyay ee Institute-ku: wuxuu si rasmi ah u aqoonsaday Xasuuqa Isaaq sannad-guuradiisii 35aad August 2022, wuxuuna sidoo kale digniin ka bixiyay March 2023.
Si gooni ah, iyadoo ku salaysan cilmi kaliya oo aan u-doodid ahayn, Barnaamijka Cilmi-baarista Xasuuqa ee Jaamacadda Yale — oo si cad u sheegay inaanay faallo ka bixin dhacdooyinka maanta — wuxuu hayaa daraasad gaar ah oo u aqoonsanaysa ololaha 1987–89 inuu yahay xasuuq, isla safka Cambodia, Rwanda, Bosnia, iyo Darfur.
Feb 2026: Itoobiya ayaa noqotay abaalka dhabta ah, Turkiguna wuxuu u dhaqaaqay inuu ilaaliyo xariiqda
Sababta tan oo dhan ay muhiim u ahayd waa in Itoobiya laftigeeda — dhinaca kale ee MOU-gii 2024 — ay dhab ahaan dib u fikirayeen aqoonsiga. Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibedda ee Itoobiya wuxuu diiday inuu jawaab toos ah u bixiyo baarlamaanka dabayaaqadii Dis 2025. 17 Feb 2026, Madaxweyne Erdogan wuxuu sameeyay safarkiisii ugu horreeyay ee Geeska Afrika in ka badan toban sano — wuxuuna isticmaalay shir jaraa'id oo lala qabtay Ra'iisul Wasaare Abiy Ahmed si uu uga digo, isagoon si toos ah u magacaabin Itoobiya, in dawladaha gobolku ay iyaga qudhooda xalliyaan "dhibaatooyinka gobolka" iyo in "aqoonsiga Israa'iil ee Somaliland uusan faa'iido u lahayn Somaliland ama Geeska Afrika." Falanqeeyayaal badan ayaa u fasiray tan sida cadaadis toos ah oo lagu saarayo Abiy. Somaliland kama aysan aamusin: laba maalmood ka dib, dawladdeedu waxay si rasmi ah u diidday hadalladii Erdogan, iyagoo ku yiri waa "faragelin aan la aqbali karin."
Joogitaanka Erdogan ee Addis Ababa wuxuu ahaa hal socod oo ka mid ah olole ballaaran oo isku-dheelitiran oo isla toddobaadyadaas ka socday. Wuxuu ka yimid booqashooyin Sacuudi Carabiya iyo Masar, isagoo dib u dhigay booqasho UAE loo qorsheeyay. Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibedda ee Sacuudiga ayaa booqday Addis Ababa isla su'aashaas dhowr maalmood ka hor Erdogan. Isla toddobaadkaas, Madaxweynaha Israa'iil Isaac Herzog ayaa sameeyay booqashadiisa Addis Ababa (24–25 Feb), isagoo sii wadaya olole kale oo bilaabmay markii Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Hindiya Modi uu kor u qaaday xiriirka Itoobiya laba bilood ka hor.
Jun 2026: Madaxweynaha Somaliland ayaa shakhsi ahaan u safray Israa'iil
Afar bilood ka dib, xiriirkii olole-ga Jabuuti-Turkiga-Sacuudiga ay isku dayeen inay ka hortagaan ayaa dhacay si kastaba — kaliya lama ahayn Itoobiya. 14 Jun 2026, Madaxweynaha Somaliland Cabdiraxmaan Maxamed Cabdilaahi ("Cirro") wuxuu yimid Jerusalem, waxaana xafiiskiisu ku sheegay booqashadii ugu horreysay ee dawladeed ee hoggaamiye Somaliland ah u qabto dal kasta. Wuxuu la kulmay Herzog, kadibna Netanyahu, isagoo saxeexay Baaqa Iskaashiga Istaraatiijiga ah. Somaliland waxay ka furtay safaaraddeeda West Jerusalem halkii ay ka fasaxi lahaayeen Tel Aviv — taasoo ka duwan sida ku dhawaad dal kasta u dhaqmo — taasoo keentay cambaareyn ka timid Falastiin, OIC, iyo Jaamacadda Carabta. Intii booqashadu socotay, Cabdilaahi wuxuu daaha ka qaaday in aqoonsigu uu lahaa xididdo ka sii dheer sheegashadii Dis: wuxuu warqado u diray 193 madaxweyne QM ah May 2025, Netanyahu-na wuxuu ahaa kaliya kii jawaabay, taasoo horseeday booqasho qarsoodi ah Okt 2025.
Sababta ay tani ku habboon tahay diiwaankan
Wax midna kuma jiraan diblomaasiyad aan la taaban karin. Bogga diiwaankan ee Warfaa v. Ali horeba wuxuu diiwaan geliyay in Gaashaanle Tukeh lagu arkay isagoo la socda militiyada SSC-Khaatumo kadib saaristiisii 2024 — khilaaf nool oo ka dhaca gobol ay isku haystaan Somaliland iyo ciidamo la xiriira Muqdisho. Deegaan caalami ah oo ay AU, Turkiga, iyo Jabuuti si firfircoon u xoojinayaan sheegashooyinka dhulka ee Soomaaliya — sababo si cad ugu dhow dakhliga dekedaha iyo xuquuqda saldhigyada militariga marka loo eego mabda' — waa isla deegaanka Soomaaliya ku dhiirranaan doonto inay xoog ku dabaaldegto sheegashooyinkaas, oo ay ku jirto SSC-Khaatumo. Guddi u-diirin xasuuq ah oo si toos ah u magacaabaya khataradaas isla shuruudahan, ma aha wax shil ah oo diiwaankan uu iska dhaafi karo. Boggani wuxuu jiraa si uu u muujiyo xiriirkaas, ma jiro si uu u saadaaliyo natiijadiisa.
Ilaha
- "RESUME: AU Fact-Finding Mission to Somaliland (30 April to 4 May 2005)" Qoraalka buuxa ee natiijooyinka hawlgalka AU, oo uu hoggaaminayay Patrick Mazimhaka. https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/PDFFiles/au-fact-finding-mission-to-somaliland-30-april-to-4-may-2005.pdf
- Wikipedia — "Mahamoud Ali Youssouf" Taariikh nololeed oo xaqiijinaysa xilligiisii Wasiirka Arrimaha Dibedda. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahamoud_Ali_Youssouf
- Midowga Afrika — bayaan rasmi ah (26 Dis 2025) Warsaxaafadeed rasmi ah oo AU ah oo si toos ah uga soo xigtay Youssouf. https://au.int/en/pressreleases/20251226/auc-chairperson-rejects-any-recognition-somaliland
- Daily Nation — "Mowqifka Isu-diiddan ee AU ee Somaliland" (Dec 2025) Maqaal ra'yi ah oo isbarbardhigaya mowqifka Youssouf iyo natiijooyinkii 2005. https://nation.africa/kenya/blogs-opinion/blogs/the-au-s-contradictory-and-outdated-stand-on-somaliland-5310050
- Horn Review — "Hadalka Adag ee Guelleh" (2025) Faahfaahin ku saabsan ku-tiirsanaanta dhaqaale ee Jabuuti. https://hornreview.org/2025/06/14/guellehs-hardline-rhetoric-djiboutis-defiance-on-ethiopias-sovereign-sea-access/
- Saxafi Media — "Jabuuti iyo Heshiiska Itoobiya-Somaliland" (2024) Faahfaahin ku saabsan MOU-gii 1 Jan 2024. https://saxafimedia.com/djibouti-and-ethiopia-somaliland-mou/
- ORSAM — "Guusha Diblomaasiyadeed ee Turkiga: Baaqa Ankara" Faahfaahin ku saabsan dhexdhexaadinta Turkiga. https://orsam.org.tr/en/yayinlar/turkiyes-diplomatic-success-in-the-ethiopia-somalia-crisis-the-ankara-declaration/
- Wasaaradda Arrimaha Dibedda ee Turkiga — bayaan rasmi ah (26 Dis 2025) Isha asalka ah: af-hayeenka wuxuu ku sheegay in aqoonsiga Israa'iil uu yahay "faragelin." https://www.mfa.gov.tr/sc_-27_-disisleri-bakanligi-sozcusu-oncu-keceli-nin-israil-in-somaliland-bolgesinin-bagimsizligini-tanidigina-iliskin-aciklamasi-hk-sc.en.mfa
- Al Jazeera — "Erdogan wuxuu ku yiri aqoonsiga 'aan la aqbali karin'" (30 Dis 2025) Waxay si toos ah uga soo xigtay Erdogan. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/12/30/trkiyes-erdogan-calls-israels-somaliland-recognition-unacceptable
- Jerusalem Post — "Soomaaliya, Masar, Turkiga iyo Jabuuti waxay ka horyimaadeen aqoonsiga" (26 Dis 2025) Waxay xaqiijinaysaa horyaaca afarta dal. https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/article-881478
- Qaramada Midoobay DPPA — hadalka Khaled Khiari ee Golaha Ammaanka (29 Dis 2025) Diiwaan rasmi oo QM ah oo xaqiijinaysa bayaan wadareed oo 20 dal ah. https://dppa.un.org/en/mtg-sc-10084-asg-khiari-29-dec-2025
- Geopolitical Monitor — "Israa'iil, Somaliland, iyo Turkiga" (Jan 2026) Falanqayn ku saabsan horyaaca Turkiga. https://www.geopoliticalmonitor.com/israel-somaliland-and-turkiye-recognition-battleground-in-the-horn-of-africa/
- Lemkin Institute — "Bayaanka Xasuuqa Isaaq ee 1987–1989" (10 Aug 2022) Waxaa la soo saaray sannad-guuradii 35aad ee bilowga ololaha. https://www.lemkininstitute.com/statements-new-page/statement-on-the-isaaq-genocide-committed-between-1987-and-1989-by-the-somali-government
- Lemkin Institute — "Bayaanka Rabshadaha Siyaasadeed ee Somaliland" (29 Mar 2023) Wuxuu ku xidhayaa rabshadaha gudaha ee Somaliland dhaxalka aan la xallin ee xasuuqa. https://www.lemkininstitute.com/statements-new-page/statement-on-political-violence-in-somaliland-
- Lemkin Institute — Digniinta Casaanka ah ee Xasuuqa, Soomaaliya/Somaliland (6–8 Feb 2026) Waxay ka digaysaa in aqoonsiga Israa'iil uu kordhin karo khatarta rabshado xasuuq ah oo cusub. https://www.lemkininstitute.com/red-flag-alerts/red-flag-alert---somalia-in-somaliland
- Barnaamijka Cilmi-baarista Xasuuqa ee Yale — Daraasadda "Soomaaliya/Xasuuqa Isaaq" Aqoonsi cilmiyeed oo ka yimid Xarunta MacMillan ee Yale (la aasaasay 1998). https://gsp.yale.edu/somalia-isaaq-genocide
- The New Arab / Daily Sabah / Al-Monitor — "Erdogan wuxuu ka digay aqoonsiga Somaliland booqashadiisii Itoobiya" (17 Feb 2026) Safarkii ugu horreeyay ee Erdogan ee Geeska Afrika in ka badan toban sano. https://www.newarab.com/news/erdogan-warns-against-somaliland-recognition-ethiopia-visit
- Somali Guardian — "Somaliland oo ka soo horjeeday hadalladii Erdogan" (19 Feb 2026) Dawladda Somaliland si rasmi ah ayay u diiday hadalladii Erdogan. https://www.somaliguardian.com/news/somalia-news/somaliland-condemns-erdogans-ethiopia-remarks-as-unacceptable-interference/
- Horn Review — "Isku-dhaca Awoodaha Bariga Dhexe ee Itoobiya" (26 Feb 2026) Falanqayn ku saabsan taxanaha booqashooyinka isku-dheelitirka ah. https://hornreview.org/2026/02/18/recep-tayyip-erdogans-strategic-visit-to-addis-ababa/